As we mark the 249th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, we reflect on its interesting use of “necessary.”

In his 1796 farewell address, George Washington famously cautioned about the dangers to liberty of the United States entering into entangling alliances.

The next five essays, all written by Madison, may be thought of as the hinge on which the collection rests. Prior to these five essays Publius largely deals with the most consequential powers of the federal government under the Constitution, constantly stressing union as the solution to existing problems, and after these essays focuses more on the different branches of government.

Publius often blurred the line between hortatory and argument. Thinking he had slam-dunked the Anti-federalists on the “necessary and proper” and “supremacy” clauses, Publius crowed about how the Constitution satisfied the passions and interests expressed in the Revolution.